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Capstan Driven 2DOF Manipulator

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Ben Zwiener

Project Timeline

Dec 2025 - Current

OVERVIEW

What is a Capstan Drive? Cable, or Capstan, drives are special reducers which act similarly to spur gears but which implement cables and drums to transmit motion and increased torque for the desired application. Advantages of these systems include high stiffness, low backlash, and low inertia which are typically sought in legged robots or similar applications. However, they are subject to other disadvantages like size, limited rotation, and stretching of the cable (creep). To accommodate this and achieve stiff cables, they are often equipped with a tensioning system. Project Motivation and Goals To better understand the design considerations of the drive system and to gain hands-on experience with its design, this project was undertaken. Additionally, the project investigates its potential application to drive a robotic manipulator. 1. Design and build a functional Capstan reducer capable of transmitting some torque and rotation to the output drum 2. Exhibit a near 10:1 reduction 3. Implement the design in a 2-DOF symmetric 5-bar linkage

HighlightS

Project Results:

Solved Forward and Inverse Kinematics

Built both an experimental Capstan Drive and the 2-DOF Symmetric 5-Bar

Successfully Implemented Homing program

30-50% Efficiency


SKILLS

3D PrintingMATLABArduinoWiring & SolderingMechatronics

ADDITIONAL CONTENTS

120x120mm workspace

2mm UHMWPE fiber (similar to Dyneema)

Closed loop control with Hall Effect sensors

Nema 17 motors

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Ben Zwiener

Mechanical Engineer and Robotics Specialist

I am a mechanical engineering graduate student at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln specializing in robotics and compliant mechanisms. My research focuses on variable stiffness mechanisms for industrial robotics, with publications at ASME IDETC conferences and a pending U.S. patent. I have hands-on experience in CAD design, FEA simulation, mechatronic prototyping, and manufacturing. My internship at Relativity Space involved designing modular gearboxes and performing structural analysis. I combine theoretical knowledge with practical skills in fabrication, testing, and programming to develop innovative engineering solutions.